Xerostomia occurs when patients have a chronically dry mouth. This condition is a common side effect of radiation, certain health conditions, and some types of medications. Xerostomia can cause discomfort, and even make it difficult to perform routine activities such as speaking and eating. Dry mouth symptoms may be temporary or last for a long time. Fortunately, there are certain things patients can do to help resolve the issue.
Increase Hydration
While it may seem obvious, some patients can improve the issue simply by consuming more water throughout the day. Some patients also find it beneficial to keep a spray bottle filled with water close by. Patients can spray water inside their mouth to add moisture when it is feeling dry.
Humidifier
Use of a humidifier, especially while sleeping, can make a big improvement. There are many different types of humidifiers which patients can purchase.
Glycerin
Glycerin or glycerol is an inexpensive and flavorless ingredient which is nontoxic. It can often be found at cake decorating stores or is available online. Patience can place a few drops of glycerin in water, swish it around in the mouth, and then spit it out. A few drops of glycerin can also be added to a few ounces of water in a spray bottle and used as needed. When it is highly diluted, patients do not need to spit it out. The drops should be added to water to dilute the concentration. They should not be placed directly on the tongue.
Lozenges or Sugarless Gum
Placing something in the mouth can trigger the natural production of saliva. Certain flavors such as citrus, cinnamon and mint are a good choice as they do not irritate the mouth and are not too acidic. Products often contain aloe, xylitol, glycerin, or other hydrating agents. Lozenges and sugarless gum can be found at most drugstores and gas stations.
Mealtime Hydration
It is important to consume water while eating. This also aids in the digestion of food. Patients can also get additional hydration through condiments, soups, and sauces.
Frozen Fruit
Frozen melon or cucumber can be placed between the cheek and gums for an hour or two to aid in hydration of the mouth and saliva production.
Caffeine and Alcohol
Patients should consume limited amounts of caffeine and alcohol. These products are considered to be diuretics and can cause excessive dryness of the mouth.
Mouthwash
The use of mouthwash which contains alcohol can cause additional dryness. Look for mouthwashes which are alcohol-free. Mouthwash for children rarely contains alcohol.
Saliva Substitutes
A dentist or doctor can help determine if patients are a good candidate for a saliva substitute. These products are available over the counter and often come as drops or a spray.
Oral Sprays or Nasal Wash
Another solution which can be used for a dry mouth is to keep moisture in the nasal passages. This can be achieved with the use of an oral spray or nasal wash. Follow up with a doctor or dentist to determine if this solution may be helpful.
Papaya Tablets
Papain is the enzyme found in papaya fruit. It helps to digest proteins and stimulate the production of saliva.
Acupuncture
Research has demonstrated that acupuncture can also help with a dry mouth. One study found that acupuncture was able to eliminate xerostomia in patients with cancer who had received radiation.